@import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=IBM+Plex+Mono:wght@400;500;600&family=Plus+Jakarta+Sans:wght@400;500;600;700;800&family=Sora:wght@400;500;600;700&display=swap");body,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,p,blockquote,pre,hr,dl,dd,ol,ul,figure{margin:0;padding:0}body{font:400 16px/1.5 -apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,"Apple Color Emoji","Segoe UI Emoji","Segoe UI Symbol";color:#111;background-color:#fdfdfd;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-font-feature-settings:"kern" 1;-moz-font-feature-settings:"kern" 1;-o-font-feature-settings:"kern" 1;font-feature-settings:"kern" 1;font-kerning:normal;display:flex;min-height:100vh;flex-direction:column}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,p,blockquote,pre,ul,ol,dl,figure,.highlight{margin-bottom:15px}main{display:block}img{max-width:100%;vertical-align:middle}figure>img{display:block}figcaption{font-size:14px}ul,ol{margin-left:30px}li>ul,li>ol{margin-bottom:0}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-weight:400}a{color:#2a7ae2;text-decoration:none}a:visited{color:#1756a9}a:hover{color:#111;text-decoration:underline}.social-media-list a:hover{text-decoration:none}.social-media-list a:hover .username{text-decoration:underline}blockquote{color:#828282;border-left:4px solid #e8e8e8;padding-left:15px;font-size:18px;letter-spacing:-1px;font-style:italic}blockquote>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}pre,code{font-size:15px;border:1px solid #e8e8e8;border-radius:3px;background-color:#eef}code{padding:1px 5px}pre{padding:8px 12px;overflow-x:auto}pre>code{border:0;padding-right:0;padding-left:0}.wrapper{max-width:-webkit-calc(800px - (30px * 2));max-width:calc(800px - (30px * 2));margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;padding-right:30px;padding-left:30px}@media screen and (max-width: 800px){.wrapper{max-width:-webkit-calc(800px - (30px));max-width:calc(800px - (30px));padding-right:15px;padding-left:15px}}.wrapper:after,.footer-col-wrapper:after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}.svg-icon{width:16px;height:16px;display:inline-block;fill:#828282;padding-right:5px;vertical-align:text-top}.social-media-list li+li{padding-top:5px}table{margin-bottom:30px;width:100%;text-align:left;color:#3f3f3f;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #e8e8e8}table tr:nth-child(even){background-color:#f7f7f7}table th,table td{padding:10px 15px}table th{background-color:#f0f0f0;border:1px solid #dedede;border-bottom-color:#c9c9c9}table td{border:1px solid #e8e8e8}.site-header{border-top:5px solid #424242;border-bottom:1px solid #e8e8e8;min-height:55.95px;position:relative}.site-title{font-size:26px;font-weight:300;line-height:54px;letter-spacing:-1px;margin-bottom:0;float:left}.site-title,.site-title:visited{color:#424242}.site-nav{float:right;line-height:54px}.site-nav .nav-trigger{display:none}.site-nav .menu-icon{display:none}.site-nav .page-link{color:#111;line-height:1.5}.site-nav .page-link:not(:last-child){margin-right:20px}@media screen and (max-width: 600px){.site-nav{position:absolute;top:9px;right:15px;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #e8e8e8;border-radius:5px;text-align:right}.site-nav label[for="nav-trigger"]{display:block;float:right;width:36px;height:36px;z-index:2;cursor:pointer}.site-nav .menu-icon{display:block;float:right;width:36px;height:26px;line-height:0;padding-top:10px;text-align:center}.site-nav .menu-icon>svg{fill:#424242}.site-nav input ~ .trigger{clear:both;display:none}.site-nav input:checked ~ .trigger{display:block;padding-bottom:5px}.site-nav .page-link{display:block;padding:5px 10px;margin-left:20px}.site-nav .page-link:not(:last-child){margin-right:0}}.site-footer{border-top:1px solid #e8e8e8;padding:30px 0}.footer-heading{font-size:18px;margin-bottom:15px}.contact-list,.social-media-list{list-style:none;margin-left:0}.footer-col-wrapper{font-size:15px;color:#828282;margin-left:-15px}.footer-col{float:left;margin-bottom:15px;padding-left:15px}.footer-col-1{width:-webkit-calc(35% - (30px / 2));width:calc(35% - (30px / 2))}.footer-col-2{width:-webkit-calc(20% - (30px / 2));width:calc(20% - (30px / 2))}.footer-col-3{width:-webkit-calc(45% - (30px / 2));width:calc(45% - (30px / 2))}@media screen and (max-width: 800px){.footer-col-1,.footer-col-2{width:-webkit-calc(50% - (30px / 2));width:calc(50% - (30px / 2))}.footer-col-3{width:-webkit-calc(100% - (30px / 2));width:calc(100% - (30px / 2))}}@media screen and (max-width: 600px){.footer-col{float:none;width:-webkit-calc(100% - (30px / 2));width:calc(100% - (30px / 2))}}.page-content{padding:30px 0;flex:1}.page-heading{font-size:32px}.post-list-heading{font-size:28px}.post-list{margin-left:0;list-style:none}.post-list>li{margin-bottom:30px}.post-meta{font-size:14px;color:#828282}.post-link{display:block;font-size:24px}.post-header{margin-bottom:30px}.post-title{font-size:42px;letter-spacing:-1px;line-height:1}@media screen and (max-width: 800px){.post-title{font-size:36px}}.post-content{margin-bottom:30px}.post-content h2{font-size:32px}@media screen and (max-width: 800px){.post-content h2{font-size:28px}}.post-content h3{font-size:26px}@media screen and (max-width: 800px){.post-content h3{font-size:22px}}.post-content h4{font-size:20px}@media screen and (max-width: 800px){.post-content h4{font-size:18px}}.highlight{background:#fff}.highlighter-rouge .highlight{background:#eef}.highlight .c{color:#998;font-style:italic}.highlight .err{color:#a61717;background-color:#e3d2d2}.highlight .k{font-weight:bold}.highlight .o{font-weight:bold}.highlight .cm{color:#998;font-style:italic}.highlight .cp{color:#999;font-weight:bold}.highlight .c1{color:#998;font-style:italic}.highlight .cs{color:#999;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic}.highlight .gd{color:#000;background-color:#fdd}.highlight .gd .x{color:#000;background-color:#faa}.highlight .ge{font-style:italic}.highlight .gr{color:#a00}.highlight .gh{color:#999}.highlight .gi{color:#000;background-color:#dfd}.highlight .gi .x{color:#000;background-color:#afa}.highlight .go{color:#888}.highlight .gp{color:#555}.highlight .gs{font-weight:bold}.highlight .gu{color:#aaa}.highlight .gt{color:#a00}.highlight .kc{font-weight:bold}.highlight .kd{font-weight:bold}.highlight .kp{font-weight:bold}.highlight .kr{font-weight:bold}.highlight .kt{color:#458;font-weight:bold}.highlight .m{color:#099}.highlight .s{color:#d14}.highlight .na{color:teal}.highlight .nb{color:#0086B3}.highlight .nc{color:#458;font-weight:bold}.highlight .no{color:teal}.highlight .ni{color:purple}.highlight .ne{color:#900;font-weight:bold}.highlight .nf{color:#900;font-weight:bold}.highlight .nn{color:#555}.highlight .nt{color:navy}.highlight .nv{color:teal}.highlight .ow{font-weight:bold}.highlight .w{color:#bbb}.highlight .mf{color:#099}.highlight .mh{color:#099}.highlight .mi{color:#099}.highlight .mo{color:#099}.highlight .sb{color:#d14}.highlight .sc{color:#d14}.highlight .sd{color:#d14}.highlight .s2{color:#d14}.highlight .se{color:#d14}.highlight .sh{color:#d14}.highlight .si{color:#d14}.highlight .sx{color:#d14}.highlight .sr{color:#009926}.highlight .s1{color:#d14}.highlight .ss{color:#990073}.highlight .bp{color:#999}.highlight .vc{color:teal}.highlight .vg{color:teal}.highlight .vi{color:teal}.highlight .il{color:#099}:root{--page: #ffffff;--surface: #ffffff;--surface-strong: #f3f4f6;--surface-tint: #f8f9fc;--code-surface: #f4f5ff;--inline-code-bg: #f1f3f5;--inline-code-ink: #2f3440;--code-block-bg: #f7f8fc;--code-block-line: rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.08);--code-block-ink: #243042;--line: rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.11);--line-strong: rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.22);--ink: #111111;--muted: #5f6672;--accent: #3f41ff;--accent-strong: #2529d8;--code-bg: #f6f7ff;--radius-md: 12px;--radius-lg: 18px;--shadow-soft: 0 18px 40px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);--max-page: 1380px;--max-home: 980px;--max-copy: 760px;--toc-width: 17rem;--page-gutter: clamp(1.5rem, 4vw, 2.25rem)}html{background-color:#ffffff;scroll-behavior:smooth}body{background-color:#ffffff;color:var(--ink);font-family:"Plus Jakarta Sans", "Avenir Next", "Segoe UI", sans-serif;line-height:1.72;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}a{color:var(--ink);text-decoration-color:rgba(63,65,255,0.32);text-decoration-thickness:0.08em;text-underline-offset:0.16em}a:hover,.post-link:hover,.page-link:hover,.site-title:hover{color:var(--accent-strong)}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{color:var(--ink);font-family:"Sora", "Avenir Next", "Segoe UI", sans-serif;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:-0.045em}.site-header{padding:0.95rem 0 0.55rem;border-top:0;border-bottom:0;background:transparent}.site-header .wrapper,.page-content>.wrapper{width:100%;max-width:var(--max-page);margin:0 auto;padding-left:var(--page-gutter);padding-right:var(--page-gutter);box-sizing:border-box}.site-header .wrapper{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:1rem;min-width:0}.site-nav-lite{display:flex;align-items:center;margin-left:auto;margin-right:-0.75rem;gap:1.8rem}.site-nav-link{color:var(--muted);display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:flex-end;font-size:0.84rem;letter-spacing:0;line-height:1;margin:0;padding:0;text-decoration:none;width:max-content}.site-nav-link:hover{color:var(--accent-strong);text-decoration:none}.page-content{padding:0.35rem 0 0.55rem}.site-footer{border-top:0;padding:0 0 2.4rem}.site-footer .wrapper{width:100%;max-width:var(--max-page);margin:0 auto;padding-left:var(--page-gutter);padding-right:var(--page-gutter);box-sizing:border-box}.site-footer-inner{display:flex;justify-content:center}.back-to-top,.back-to-top:link,.back-to-top:visited{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;min-width:8.75rem;padding:0.82rem 1.35rem;border:0;border-radius:999px;background:rgba(255,255,255,0.92);color:#000000;font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", "JetBrains Mono", monospace;font-size:0.76rem;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:0.08em;text-decoration:none;text-transform:uppercase;transition:color 140ms ease, background-color 140ms ease, transform 140ms ease}.back-to-top::before{content:"↑";margin-right:0.55rem;font-size:0.92rem;line-height:1}.back-to-top:hover,.back-to-top:focus-visible{background:rgba(63,65,255,0.06);color:#000000;text-decoration:none;transform:translateY(-1px);outline:none}.site-title{color:var(--ink);font-size:0.88rem;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0.38rem;line-height:1;min-width:0;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:0.16em;text-transform:uppercase;text-decoration:none}.site-title-primary{font-weight:400;white-space:nowrap}.site-title-secondary{color:rgba(17,17,17,0.64);font-weight:400;letter-spacing:0.12em;white-space:nowrap}.site-title:hover{text-decoration:none}.site-title:hover .site-title-secondary{color:var(--accent)}.page-link{color:var(--muted);font-size:0.86rem;font-weight:500}.page-link.site-nav-link,.page-link.site-nav-link:visited{color:var(--ink)}.page-link.site-nav-link:hover,.page-link.site-nav-link:focus-visible{color:var(--accent-strong)}.home-shell{max-width:var(--max-home);margin:0 auto}.home-intro{padding:3rem 0 3.6rem}.eyebrow,.research-kicker{margin:0 0 1rem;color:var(--muted);font-size:0.8rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0.12em;text-transform:uppercase}.page-heading{margin:0;max-width:8em;font-size:3.75rem;font-weight:400;line-height:0.96;word-break:keep-all;overflow-wrap:normal;text-wrap:balance}.home-copy{margin-top:1.15rem;max-width:34rem;color:var(--muted);font-size:0.98rem;line-height:1.7}.post-featured-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));gap:1rem;padding:1.2rem 0 1.35rem}.post-featured-card{min-width:0}.post-featured-link{display:grid;grid-template-rows:auto 1fr;height:100%;min-height:18rem;overflow:hidden;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:8px;background:var(--surface);color:inherit;text-decoration:none;transition:border-color 140ms ease, box-shadow 140ms ease, transform 140ms ease}.post-featured-link:hover{border-color:rgba(37,41,216,0.22);box-shadow:var(--shadow-soft);text-decoration:none;transform:translateY(-2px)}.post-featured-media{display:block;aspect-ratio:16 / 9;overflow:hidden;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--surface-tint)}.post-featured-media img{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;transition:transform 180ms ease}.post-featured-link:hover .post-featured-media img{transform:scale(1.025)}.post-featured-content{display:flex;flex-direction:column;padding:1rem}.post-featured-kicker{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:0.55rem;margin-bottom:0.75rem}.post-featured-icon{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;flex:0 0 auto;width:1.55rem;height:1.55rem;border:1px solid rgba(63,65,255,0.14);border-radius:8px;background:rgba(63,65,255,0.055);color:var(--accent)}.post-featured-icon svg{display:block;width:0.82rem;height:0.82rem;fill:currentColor}.post-featured-category{display:inline-block;min-width:0;color:var(--muted);font-size:0.72rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0.12em;text-transform:uppercase;white-space:nowrap}.post-featured-title{display:block;color:var(--ink);font-family:"Sora", "Avenir Next", "Segoe UI", sans-serif;font-size:1.34rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.2;transition:color 140ms ease}.post-featured-excerpt{display:-webkit-box;margin-top:0.5rem;overflow:hidden;color:var(--muted);font-size:0.86rem;line-height:1.55;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-line-clamp:3}.post-featured-link:hover .post-featured-title{color:var(--accent)}.post-stream{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.post-stream-item{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.post-stream-link{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.75rem minmax(0, 1fr);column-gap:0.8rem;align-items:start;padding:1.45rem 0;color:inherit;text-decoration:none;transition:transform 140ms ease}.post-stream-link:hover{text-decoration:none}.post-stream-meta{flex:0 0 auto;margin-left:auto;color:var(--muted);font-size:0.86rem;letter-spacing:0.01em;white-space:nowrap}.post-stream-text{display:block}.post-stream-kicker{display:flex;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:1rem;margin-bottom:0.5rem}.post-stream-icon{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;flex:0 0 auto;width:1.75rem;height:1.75rem;margin-top:0.02rem;border:1px solid rgba(63,65,255,0.14);border-radius:8px;background:rgba(63,65,255,0.055);color:var(--accent);box-shadow:inset 0 -1px 0 rgba(63,65,255,0.08);transition:border-color 140ms ease, background-color 140ms ease, color 140ms ease, transform 140ms ease}.post-stream-icon svg{display:block;width:0.94rem;height:0.94rem;fill:currentColor}.post-stream-category{display:inline-block;min-width:0;color:var(--muted);font-size:0.74rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0.12em;text-transform:uppercase;white-space:nowrap}.post-stream-title{display:block;color:var(--ink);font-family:"Sora", "Avenir Next", "Segoe UI", sans-serif;font-size:1.42rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.18;transition:color 140ms ease}.post-stream-excerpt{display:block;margin-top:0.35rem;max-width:none;color:var(--muted);font-size:0.88rem;line-height:1.62}.post-stream-link:hover .post-stream-title{color:var(--accent)}.post-stream-link:hover .post-stream-meta{color:var(--ink)}.post-stream-link:hover .post-stream-icon{border-color:rgba(37,41,216,0.22);background:rgba(63,65,255,0.09);color:var(--accent-strong);transform:translateY(-1px)}.research{padding:2.8rem var(--page-gutter) 1.35rem}.research-header{padding-bottom:4.9rem}.research-intro{max-width:44rem;margin:0 auto;text-align:center}.research-title{margin:0 auto;max-width:16.8em;font-size:3.25rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1;word-break:keep-all;overflow-wrap:normal;text-wrap:balance}.research-credit{margin:1.4rem 0 0;color:var(--ink);font-size:0.92rem;font-weight:500}.research-affiliation{color:var(--muted)}.research-date{display:block;margin-top:0.3rem;color:var(--muted);font-size:0.88rem}.research-dek{margin:1.2rem auto 0;max-width:33rem;color:var(--muted);font-size:0.96rem;line-height:1.68}.research-hero{margin:3.5rem auto 0;width:100%;max-width:1120px}.research-hero-frame{aspect-ratio:16 / 8.25;overflow:visible;background:var(--surface)}.research-hero--framed .research-hero-frame{aspect-ratio:1672 / 941;overflow:hidden;border:1px solid rgba(17,17,17,0.09);border-radius:8px;background:linear-gradient(180deg, #fff, #f7f8fc),var(--surface);box-shadow:0 18px 40px rgba(15,23,42,0.06)}.research-hero--compact .research-hero-frame,.research-hero--compact.research-hero--framed .research-hero-frame{aspect-ratio:1040 / 620;background:#fff}.research-hero--compact.research-hero--framed .research-hero-frame{border-color:rgba(17,17,17,0.08);border-radius:30px;box-shadow:0 28px 68px rgba(15,23,42,0.08)}.research-hero--rounded-wide.research-hero--framed .research-hero-frame{aspect-ratio:16 / 9;border-color:rgba(17,17,17,0.08);border-radius:30px;box-shadow:0 28px 68px rgba(15,23,42,0.08)}.research-hero-image,.research-hero-placeholder{width:100%;height:100%}.research-hero-image{display:block;object-fit:contain}.research-hero--cover .research-hero-image{object-fit:cover}.research-hero-placeholder{background:radial-gradient(circle at 50% 48%, rgba(63,65,255,0.08), transparent 16%),linear-gradient(90deg, transparent 0 18%, rgba(17,17,17,0.06) 18% 31%, transparent 31% 40%, rgba(63,65,255,0.24) 40% 59%, transparent 59% 69%, rgba(63,65,255,0.12) 69% 84%, transparent 84% 100%),repeating-linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255,255,255,0.28) 0 7px, rgba(241,243,248,0.28) 7px 14px),linear-gradient(180deg, #fff 0%, #f3f4f8 100%)}.research-hero-caption{max-width:42rem;margin:1.35rem auto 0;padding-left:clamp(1rem, 2.6vw, 1.75rem);padding-right:clamp(1rem, 2.6vw, 1.75rem);color:var(--muted);font-size:0.76rem;line-height:1.55;letter-spacing:0.005em;text-align:left;box-sizing:border-box}.research-hero-caption strong{color:var(--ink);font-weight:600}.research-grid{display:grid;width:100%;max-width:1080px;margin:0 auto;grid-template-columns:12rem minmax(0, var(--max-copy));gap:4rem;align-items:start;min-width:0}.research-sidebar{color:var(--muted);align-self:start;min-width:0;position:sticky;top:1.2rem}.research-sidebar-inner{position:static;max-height:calc(100vh - 2.4rem);overflow-y:auto;overscroll-behavior:contain;padding-top:0.2rem;padding-left:0.15rem}.research-sidebar-inner::-webkit-scrollbar{width:6px}.research-sidebar-inner::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background:rgba(17,17,17,0.12);border-radius:999px}.toc-label{margin:0 0 0.72rem;color:var(--muted);font-size:0.72rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1.4;letter-spacing:0.12em;text-transform:uppercase}.toc-toggle{display:block;width:100%;padding:0;border:0;appearance:none;background:transparent;font-family:inherit;text-align:left;cursor:pointer}.toc-toggle:focus-visible{color:var(--accent-strong);outline:2px solid rgba(63,65,255,0.28);outline-offset:0.25rem}.toc-toggle-label{min-width:0;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}.toc-sheet{min-width:0}.toc-backdrop{display:none}.toc-list{margin:0;padding:0 0 0 0.85rem;list-style:none;border-left:1px solid var(--line)}.toc-item{margin:0 0 0.72rem}.toc-item a{display:block;padding:0.1rem 0;color:var(--muted);font-family:"Plus Jakarta Sans", "Avenir Next", "Segoe UI", sans-serif;font-size:0.84rem;line-height:1.45;text-decoration:none;transition:color 120ms ease}.toc-item a:hover,.toc-item a.is-active{color:var(--ink)}.toc-item a.is-active{font-weight:600}.toc-h3{padding-left:1rem}.toc-empty{margin:0;color:var(--muted);font-size:0.94rem}.research-body{color:var(--ink);font-family:"Plus Jakarta Sans", "Avenir Next", "Segoe UI", sans-serif;font-size:1.08rem;line-height:1.78;min-width:0}.research-body>*{max-width:100%;min-width:0}.research-body>p:first-of-type{font-size:1.22rem;line-height:1.74}.research-body h2,.research-body h3,.research-body h4,.research-body h5,.research-body h6{position:relative;margin-left:-1.55rem;padding-left:1.55rem;scroll-margin-top:1.5rem}.research-body h2{margin-top:3.7rem;margin-bottom:1rem;font-size:1.82rem;line-height:1.08}.research-body h3{margin-top:2.5rem;margin-bottom:0.8rem;font-size:1.28rem;line-height:1.2}.heading-anchor{position:absolute;top:50%;left:0;padding:0.1rem 0.45rem 0.1rem 0;color:rgba(17,17,17,0.28);font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", "JetBrains Mono", monospace;font-size:0.72em;font-weight:500;line-height:1;text-decoration:none;opacity:0;pointer-events:none;transform:translate(0, -48%);transition:opacity 120ms ease, color 120ms ease}.research-body h2:hover .heading-anchor,.research-body h2:focus-within .heading-anchor,.research-body h3:hover .heading-anchor,.research-body h3:focus-within .heading-anchor,.research-body h4:hover .heading-anchor,.research-body h4:focus-within .heading-anchor,.research-body h5:hover .heading-anchor,.research-body h5:focus-within .heading-anchor,.research-body h6:hover .heading-anchor,.research-body h6:focus-within .heading-anchor{opacity:1;pointer-events:auto}.heading-anchor:hover,.heading-anchor:focus-visible,.heading-anchor.is-copied{color:var(--accent-strong);opacity:1;outline:none}.research-body p,.research-body ul,.research-body ol,.research-body blockquote,.research-body pre,.research-body table,.research-body figure,.research-body details,.research-body dl{margin:0 0 1.55rem}.research-body ul,.research-body ol{padding-left:1.4rem}.research-body ul{list-style-type:square}.research-body ul>li::marker{color:rgba(95,102,114,0.66);font-size:0.82em}.research-body ol>li::marker{color:rgba(95,102,114,0.66)}.research-body ul ul,.research-body ol ol,.research-body ul ol,.research-body ol ul{margin-top:0.55rem;margin-bottom:0.2rem}.research-body li+li{margin-top:0.4rem}.research-body .reference-list{margin:0.55rem 0 2.1rem;color:var(--muted);font-size:0.94rem;line-height:1.68}.research-body .reference-list ul,.research-body .reference-list ol{margin:0;padding-left:1.25rem}.research-body .reference-list li+li{margin-top:0.5rem}.research-body .reference-list li{scroll-margin-top:1.5rem}.research-body .reference-list li:target{color:var(--ink)}.research-body .reference-list li:target::marker{color:var(--accent-strong)}.research-body .reference-list p{margin:0}.research-body .reference-list strong{color:var(--ink);font-weight:700}.research-body .reference-list a{color:var(--ink);text-decoration-color:rgba(63,65,255,0.28)}.research-body .citation-ref{color:var(--accent-strong);font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", "JetBrains Mono", monospace;font-size:0.78em;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:0;text-decoration:none;white-space:nowrap}.research-body .citation-ref:hover,.research-body .citation-ref:focus-visible{color:var(--accent);text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:rgba(63,65,255,0.5);text-decoration-thickness:0.08em;text-underline-offset:0.18em;outline:none}.research-body strong{color:var(--ink)}.research-hero:target,.research-body figure:target{scroll-margin-top:1.6rem}.research-body .figure-ref{color:var(--accent-strong);font-weight:600;text-decoration-color:rgba(63,65,255,0.38);text-decoration-thickness:0.08em;text-underline-offset:0.18em;white-space:nowrap}.research-body .figure-ref:hover,.research-body .figure-ref:focus-visible{color:var(--accent);text-decoration-color:rgba(63,65,255,0.72);outline:none}.research-body .model-mention-eyebrow{margin:1.35rem 0 0.55rem;color:var(--muted);font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", "JetBrains Mono", monospace;font-size:0.72rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0.08em;line-height:1.35;text-transform:uppercase}.research-body .model-mention-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));gap:0.75rem;margin:0 0 1.75rem}.research-body .model-mention-card{display:grid;grid-template-columns:auto minmax(0, 1fr);align-items:center;gap:0.7rem;min-width:0;padding:0.78rem 0.9rem;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--radius-md);background:var(--surface-tint);color:var(--ink);text-decoration:none;transition:border-color 140ms ease, background-color 140ms ease, transform 140ms ease}.research-body .model-mention-card::before{content:"";display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:2rem;height:2rem;border-radius:8px;background:rgba(63,65,255,0.08) url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' height='24px' viewBox='0 -960 960 960' width='24px' fill='%233f41ff'%3E%3Cpath d='m480-240 160-160-56-56-64 64v-168h-80v168l-64-64-56 56 160 160ZM200-640v440h560v-440H200Zm0 520q-33 0-56.5-23.5T120-200v-499q0-14 4.5-27t13.5-24l50-61q11-14 27.5-21.5T250-840h460q18 0 34.5 7.5T772-811l50 61q9 11 13.5 24t4.5 27v499q0 33-23.5 56.5T760-120H200Zm16-600h528l-34-40H250l-34 40Zm264 300Z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E") center/1.18rem 1.18rem no-repeat}.research-body .model-mention-card--hf::before{content:"HF";background:rgba(63,65,255,0.08);color:var(--accent-strong);font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", "JetBrains Mono", monospace;font-size:0.72rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0.03em}.research-body .model-mention-card--arxiv::before{background:rgba(63,65,255,0.08) url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' height='24px' viewBox='0 -960 960 960' width='24px' fill='%233f41ff'%3E%3Cpath d='M240-80q-50 0-85-35t-35-85v-120h120v-560h600v680q0 50-35 85t-85 35H240Zm480-80q17 0 28.5-11.5T760-200v-600H320v480h360v120q0 17 11.5 28.5T720-160ZM360-600v-80h360v80H360Zm0 120v-80h360v80H360ZM240-160h360v-80H200v40q0 17 11.5 28.5T240-160Zm0 0h-40 400-360Z'/%3E%3C/svg%3E") center/1.18rem 1.18rem no-repeat}.research-body .model-mention-card:hover,.research-body .model-mention-card:focus-visible{border-color:rgba(63,65,255,0.28);background:#ffffff;color:var(--ink);text-decoration:none;transform:translateY(-1px);outline:none}.research-body .model-mention-card__text{min-width:0}.research-body .model-mention-card__name,.research-body .model-mention-card__repo{display:block;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;white-space:nowrap}.research-body .model-mention-card__name{color:var(--ink);font-size:0.9rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1.2}.research-body .model-mention-card__repo{margin-top:0.16rem;color:var(--muted);font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", "JetBrains Mono", monospace;font-size:0.72rem;line-height:1.25}.research-body img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto}figcaption{margin-top:0.75rem;color:var(--muted);font-family:"Plus Jakarta Sans", "Avenir Next", "Segoe UI", sans-serif;font-size:0.8rem;line-height:1.5}.plot-card{margin:0 0 2rem;padding:0}.plot-frame{padding:0;overflow-x:auto;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}.js-plotly-chart{width:100%;max-width:100%;min-height:clamp(320px, 52vw, 420px)}.js-plotly-chart .svg-container,.js-plotly-chart .main-svg{max-width:100% !important}.research-body .media-figure,.research-body .table-figure,.research-body .sample-compare{margin:0 0 1.85rem;min-width:0}.research-body .media-figure>figcaption,.research-body .table-figure>figcaption,.research-body .sample-compare>figcaption{max-width:42rem;padding-left:clamp(1rem, 2.6vw, 1.75rem);padding-right:clamp(1rem, 2.6vw, 1.75rem);color:var(--muted);font-size:0.76rem;line-height:1.55;letter-spacing:0.005em;box-sizing:border-box}.research-body .media-figure>figcaption{margin-top:0.65rem}.research-body .media-figure--compact{max-width:24rem;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.research-body .media-figure--compact>figcaption{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.research-body .media-figure--wide-visual{overflow-x:auto;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}.research-body .media-figure--wide-visual>img{min-width:720px}.research-body .table-figure>figcaption{max-width:none;margin-top:0.8rem;margin-bottom:0.65rem;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;text-align:center}.research-body .sample-compare>figcaption{margin-top:0.85rem;margin-bottom:0.65rem}.research-body .media-figure>figcaption strong,.research-body .table-figure>figcaption strong,.research-body .sample-compare>figcaption strong{color:var(--ink);font-weight:600}.research figcaption code,.research figcaption code.highlighter-rouge,.research-body table code,.research-body table code.highlighter-rouge{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;border-radius:0;background:transparent;box-shadow:none;color:inherit;font:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit}.research figcaption code::before,.research figcaption code.highlighter-rouge::before,.research figcaption code::after,.research figcaption code.highlighter-rouge::after,.research-body table code::before,.research-body table code.highlighter-rouge::before,.research-body table code::after,.research-body table code.highlighter-rouge::after{content:none;color:inherit;font:inherit}.research-body .sample-compare__question{padding:0;border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:0;background:transparent;padding-top:0.9rem}.research-body .sample-compare__question strong{display:block;padding:0;background:transparent;color:var(--muted);font-size:0.72rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0.08em;text-transform:uppercase}.research-body .sample-compare__question p{margin:0.55rem 0 0;color:var(--ink);font-size:1rem;line-height:1.6}.research-body .sample-compare__grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));gap:0.9rem;margin-top:1rem}.research-body .sample-compare__card{display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-width:0;padding:0.95rem 1rem;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:12px;background:var(--surface);box-shadow:none}.research-body .sample-compare__label{display:block;margin:0 0 0.75rem;padding:0;border:0;border-radius:0;background:transparent;color:var(--muted);font-size:0.74rem;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:0.08em;text-transform:uppercase}.research-body .sample-compare__body{padding:0;border:0;border-radius:0;background:transparent;color:var(--ink);font-size:0.9rem;line-height:1.68;word-break:keep-all;margin-bottom:1.1rem}.research-body .sample-compare__body p{margin:0 0 0.8rem}.research-body .sample-compare__body p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.research-body .sample-compare__scores{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:0.42rem;margin-top:auto;padding-top:0.78rem;border-top:1px solid rgba(17,17,17,0.08)}.research-body .sample-compare__score-bar{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(4.6rem, max-content) minmax(0, 1fr) 3.3rem;align-items:center;gap:0.6rem;min-width:0}.research-body .sample-compare__score-bar span{overflow:hidden;color:var(--muted);font-size:0.62rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0.07em;line-height:1.2;text-overflow:ellipsis;text-transform:uppercase;white-space:nowrap}.research-body .sample-compare__score-bar i{display:block;height:0.24rem;overflow:hidden;border-radius:999px;background:rgba(17,17,17,0.08)}.research-body .sample-compare__score-bar b{display:block;width:var(--score);height:100%;border-radius:inherit;background:var(--accent-strong)}.research-body .sample-compare__score-bar.is-weak b{background:#8e95a3}.research-body .sample-compare__score-bar.is-fail b{background:#c04f45}.research-body .sample-compare__score-bar strong{color:var(--ink);font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", "JetBrains Mono", monospace;font-size:0.78rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1.2;text-align:right;white-space:nowrap}@media (max-width: 760px){.research-body .sample-compare__grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.research-body .sample-compare__scores{grid-template-columns:1fr}}.research-body .table-figure .table-shell{margin:0 auto}.research-body .table-figure--comparison th[rowspan]{width:28%}.research-body .table-figure--comparison td strong{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit}.research-body .table-figure--comparison .metric-note{display:block;margin-top:0.22rem;color:var(--muted);font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", Consolas, monospace;font-size:0.76rem;line-height:1.45}.research-body .table-figure--comparison .comparison-note{display:block;color:var(--ink);font-size:0.9rem;line-height:1.5}.research-body .table-figure--comparison .table-section-row td{background:color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 7%, transparent);color:var(--muted);font-size:0.78rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0.02em;text-transform:uppercase}.research-body .table-figure--comparison th[colspan]{text-align:center}.research-body .table-figure--comparison thead tr:nth-child(2) th,.research-body .table-figure--comparison tbody td:not(:first-child){text-align:left}.research-body .table-figure--comparison tbody td{font-size:0.86rem;line-height:1.55}.research-body .table-figure--comparison .comparison-table--claim-scope{table-layout:fixed;width:100%}.research-body .table-figure--comparison .comparison-table--claim-scope th,.research-body .table-figure--comparison .comparison-table--claim-scope td{width:50%}.research-body .table-figure--comparison .comparison-table--score-terms{table-layout:fixed;width:100%}.research-body .table-figure--comparison .comparison-table--score-terms th:first-child,.research-body .table-figure--comparison .comparison-table--score-terms td:first-child{width:42%}.research-body .table-figure--comparison tbody td.is-better{color:var(--ink);font-weight:700;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:rgba(63,65,255,0.5);text-decoration-thickness:0.08em;text-underline-offset:0.18em}.research-body .table-figure--metrics th[rowspan]{width:18%;font-size:0.78rem}.research-body .table-figure--metrics th[colspan]{text-align:center}.research-body .table-figure--metrics thead tr:nth-child(2) th,.research-body .table-figure--metrics tbody td:not(:first-child){text-align:center}.research-body .table-figure--metrics tbody td:not(:first-child){font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", "JetBrains Mono", monospace;font-size:0.84rem;white-space:nowrap}.research-body .table-figure--metrics tbody td:first-child{font-size:0.78rem;white-space:nowrap}.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--numeric-columns thead th.align-right,.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--numeric-columns tbody td.align-right,.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--numeric-first thead th:not(:first-child),.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--numeric-first tbody td:not(:first-child){text-align:right}.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--designability-ladder .group-cell,.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--designability-ladder .condition-cell{font-family:inherit;white-space:normal;text-align:left}.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--designability-ladder .group-cell{color:var(--ink);font-size:0.8rem;font-weight:600;line-height:1.45;vertical-align:middle}.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--designability-ladder .condition-cell{color:var(--ink);font-size:0.86rem;font-weight:500;line-height:1.45}.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--designability-ladder .condition-cell .table-note-inline{display:block;margin-top:0.12rem}.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--numeric-first thead th:first-child,.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--numeric-first tbody td:first-child{text-align:right}.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--numeric-first tbody td:first-child{font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", "JetBrains Mono", monospace;font-size:0.84rem}.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--paired-rows tbody tr.metric-pair-start td:not([rowspan]){border-bottom:0 !important}.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--paired-rows tbody td.metric-label{text-align:left !important;font-family:inherit;font-size:0.78rem}.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--risk-diagnostics th:not(:last-child),.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--risk-diagnostics tbody td:not(:last-child){text-align:left;font-family:inherit;font-size:0.78rem}.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--risk-diagnostics td[rowspan]{color:var(--muted);font-weight:700;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap}.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--risk-diagnostics th:last-child,.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--risk-diagnostics tbody td:last-child{text-align:right}.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--risk-diagnostics tbody td:last-child{font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", "JetBrains Mono", monospace;font-size:0.84rem;white-space:nowrap}.research-body .table-figure--compact-metrics .table-shell{max-width:30rem}.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--compact-two-col{min-width:0;table-layout:fixed}.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--budget-split{min-width:0;table-layout:fixed}.research-body .table-figure--budget-split .table-shell{max-width:34rem}.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--budget-split th,.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--budget-split td{text-align:center}.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--budget-split .budget-split__budget{width:26%}.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--budget-split .budget-split__train,.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--budget-split .budget-split__validation{width:37%}.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--main-comparison{table-layout:fixed}.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--main-comparison .main-comparison__dataset{width:13%}.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--main-comparison .main-comparison__budget{width:12%}.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--main-comparison .main-comparison__score,.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--main-comparison .main-comparison__delta{width:20%}.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--main-comparison .main-comparison__wins{width:15%}.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--main-comparison th:nth-child(1),.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--main-comparison td:nth-child(1),.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--main-comparison th:nth-child(2),.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--main-comparison td:nth-child(2),.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--main-comparison th:nth-child(6),.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--main-comparison td:nth-child(6){text-align:center}.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--gb1-batch-ablation{min-width:620px;table-layout:fixed}.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--gb1-batch-ablation th:nth-child(1),.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--gb1-batch-ablation td:nth-child(1){width:16%}.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--gb1-batch-ablation th:nth-child(2),.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--gb1-batch-ablation td:nth-child(2){width:14%}.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--gb1-batch-ablation th:nth-child(3),.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--gb1-batch-ablation td:nth-child(3),.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--gb1-batch-ablation th:nth-child(4),.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--gb1-batch-ablation td:nth-child(4){width:19%}.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--gb1-batch-ablation th:nth-child(5),.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--gb1-batch-ablation td:nth-child(5){width:17%}.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--gb1-batch-ablation th:nth-child(6),.research-body .table-figure--metrics table.metrics-table.metrics-table--gb1-batch-ablation td:nth-child(6){width:15%}.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--mixed thead th:nth-child(1),.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--mixed thead th:nth-child(3),.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--mixed tbody td:nth-child(1),.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--mixed tbody td:nth-child(3){text-align:right}.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--mixed thead th:nth-child(2),.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--mixed thead th:nth-child(4),.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--mixed tbody td:nth-child(2),.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--mixed tbody td:nth-child(4){text-align:left}.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--mixed tbody td:nth-child(1),.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--mixed tbody td:nth-child(3){font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", "JetBrains Mono", monospace;font-size:0.84rem;white-space:nowrap}.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--mixed tbody td:nth-child(2),.research-body .table-figure--metrics .metrics-table--mixed tbody td:nth-child(4){font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;white-space:normal}.research-body .table-figure--metrics tbody td.is-better{color:var(--ink);font-weight:700;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:rgba(63,65,255,0.5);text-decoration-thickness:0.08em;text-underline-offset:0.18em}.research-body table caption{caption-side:top;padding:0 0 0.8rem;color:var(--muted);font-family:"Plus Jakarta Sans", "Avenir Next", "Segoe UI", sans-serif;font-size:0.8rem;font-weight:600;line-height:1.5;letter-spacing:0.01em;text-align:left}:not(pre)>code{background:var(--inline-code-bg);color:var(--inline-code-ink);padding:0.16rem 0.4rem;border:0;border-radius:6px;box-shadow:none;overflow-wrap:anywhere;word-break:break-word}code.highlighter-rouge{margin:0;background:var(--inline-code-bg);color:var(--inline-code-ink);border:0;border-radius:6px;box-shadow:none;overflow-wrap:anywhere;word-break:break-word}h1 code:not(.highlight),h2 code:not(.highlight),h3 code:not(.highlight),h4 code:not(.highlight),h5 code:not(.highlight),h6 code:not(.highlight),h1 code.highlighter-rouge,h2 code.highlighter-rouge,h3 code.highlighter-rouge,h4 code.highlighter-rouge,h5 code.highlighter-rouge,h6 code.highlighter-rouge{background:transparent;color:inherit;padding:0;border:0;border-radius:0;box-shadow:none;font:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;overflow-wrap:inherit;word-break:inherit}pre{border-radius:var(--radius-md)}div.highlighter-rouge{margin:0 0 1.75rem;border:0;border-radius:var(--radius-md);background:var(--code-block-bg);box-shadow:none;overflow:hidden;position:relative}div.highlighter-rouge .highlight{margin:0;background:transparent}.highlight pre,pre.highlight,pre{margin:0;background:var(--code-block-bg);border:0;padding:1.55rem 1.7rem;overflow-x:auto;font-size:0.96rem;line-height:1.78;color:var(--code-block-ink)}div.highlighter-rouge pre,div.highlighter-rouge pre.highlight,div.highlighter-rouge .highlight pre{background:transparent;border:0;box-shadow:none;font-size:13px;line-height:1.4;font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", "JetBrains Mono", monospace}.code-copy-button{position:absolute;top:0.65rem;right:0.7rem;z-index:1;padding:0.14rem 0.38rem;border:0;border-radius:999px;background:rgba(247,248,252,0.92);color:#7a8497;font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", "JetBrains Mono", monospace;font-size:0.62rem;font-weight:600;line-height:1;letter-spacing:0.04em;cursor:pointer;opacity:0;pointer-events:none;transition:opacity 120ms ease, background-color 120ms ease, color 120ms ease}div.highlighter-rouge:hover .code-copy-button,div.highlighter-rouge:focus-within .code-copy-button{opacity:1;pointer-events:auto}.code-copy-button:hover,.code-copy-button:focus-visible{background:rgba(63,65,255,0.12);color:var(--accent-strong);outline:none}.code-copy-button.is-copied{background:rgba(21,132,102,0.12);color:#158466}pre code{display:block;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;border:0;border-radius:0}.highlight,.highlight .w{color:var(--code-block-ink)}.highlight .c,.highlight .cm,.highlight .cp,.highlight .c1,.highlight .cs,.highlight .gh,.highlight .go,.highlight .gp,.highlight .gu{color:#7f8899}.highlight .k,.highlight .kc,.highlight .kd,.highlight .kn,.highlight .kp,.highlight .kr,.highlight .kt,.highlight .ow{color:#5767d8}.highlight .na,.highlight .nb,.highlight .nc,.highlight .nd,.highlight .ne,.highlight .nf,.highlight .nl,.highlight .nn,.highlight .nt,.highlight .nv,.highlight .vc,.highlight .vg,.highlight .vi,.highlight .bp{color:#1f6fb2}.highlight .s,.highlight .sb,.highlight .sc,.highlight .sd,.highlight .s1,.highlight .s2,.highlight .se,.highlight .sh,.highlight .si,.highlight .sr,.highlight .ss,.highlight .sx{color:#158466}.highlight .m,.highlight .mf,.highlight .mh,.highlight .mi,.highlight .mo,.highlight .il{color:#b26a10}.highlight .err,.highlight .gr,.highlight .gt{color:#c53b3b;background:transparent}.highlight .gd,.highlight .gd .x{color:#b94a4a;background-color:rgba(197,59,59,0.1)}.highlight .gi,.highlight .gi .x{color:#1b7a5d;background-color:rgba(21,132,102,0.1)}.research-body .mermaid-shell{margin:0 0 1.75rem;padding:0;border:0;border-radius:0;background:transparent;box-shadow:none;overflow-x:auto}.research-body .mermaid{min-width:min-content;text-align:center;background:transparent}.research-body .mermaid svg{display:block;width:100% !important;max-width:100%;height:auto;margin:0 auto;background:transparent;overflow:hidden}.research-body .mermaid svg .node rect,.research-body .mermaid svg .node polygon,.research-body .mermaid svg .node path{filter:none}.research-body .mermaid svg .arrowheadPath{transform:scale(0.68);transform-box:fill-box;transform-origin:center;fill:none !important;stroke:#c8c3bb !important;stroke-width:1.2px !important}.research-body .mermaid svg .nodeLabel,.research-body .mermaid svg .edgeLabel{font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", "JetBrains Mono", monospace}.research-body .mermaid svg .label,.research-body .mermaid svg foreignObject div{font-size:13px !important;line-height:1.2 !important}.research-body .mermaid svg .nodeLabel p,.research-body .mermaid svg .edgeLabel p{margin:0;font-size:13px !important;line-height:1.2 !important}.research-body .mermaid svg .nodeLabel span,.research-body .mermaid svg .edgeLabel span{font-size:0.84em !important}.research-body .mermaid svg .edgeLabel rect{fill:#ffffff !important;opacity:1 !important}.research-body .mermaid svg .cluster rect{fill:transparent !important;stroke:#e7e3dd !important;rx:0;ry:0}.research-body .mermaid svg .cluster-label foreignObject div,.research-body .mermaid svg .clusterLabel foreignObject div{background:#ffffff;padding:3px 10px;border-radius:999px;border:0;box-shadow:none}.research-body mjx-container:not([display="true"]){display:inline-block;max-width:none;overflow:visible !important;vertical-align:-0.08em}.research-body mjx-container[display="true"],.research-body mjx-container[jax="CHTML"][display="true"]{display:block;max-width:100%;overflow-x:auto !important;overflow-y:hidden;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}.research-body mjx-container svg,.research-body mjx-container[jax="CHTML"][display="true"] mjx-math{min-width:min-content}.research-body blockquote{position:relative;margin:0 0 1.35rem 1rem;padding:0.55rem 0.9rem 0.55rem 1rem;border-left:0;background:transparent;color:#4b5160;font-family:"Plus Jakarta Sans", "Apple SD Gothic Neo", "Malgun Gothic", "Segoe UI", sans-serif;font-size:0.96rem;font-weight:500;line-height:1.72;font-style:normal;letter-spacing:0.01em;word-spacing:0.08em}.research-body blockquote::before{position:absolute;top:0.55rem;bottom:0.55rem;left:0;width:2px;background:var(--line-strong);content:""}.research-body blockquote>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.research-body blockquote p{margin-bottom:0.5em}.research-body blockquote p+p{margin-top:0.45rem}.research-body p+blockquote{margin-top:-0.9rem}.research-body .research-question{margin:0 0 1.75rem;padding:0.95rem 0 1rem;border-top:0;border-bottom:0;background:transparent;color:var(--ink)}.research-body .research-question__label{display:inline-block;margin:0 0 0.55rem;padding:0.28rem 0.48rem;background:var(--accent);color:#ffffff;font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", "JetBrains Mono", monospace;font-size:0.72rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0.08em;line-height:1.2;text-transform:uppercase}.research-body .research-question p:not(.research-question__label){margin:0;color:var(--ink);font-family:"Plus Jakarta Sans", "Avenir Next", "Segoe UI", sans-serif;font-size:1.05rem;font-weight:500;line-height:1.78;letter-spacing:0}.table-shell{margin:0 0 1.55rem;border-top:0.5px solid rgba(17,17,17,0.08);border-right:0;border-bottom:0.5px solid rgba(17,17,17,0.08);border-left:0;background:var(--surface);max-width:100%;min-width:0;overflow-x:auto;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}.research-body .table-shell table{width:100%;min-width:0;border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;border:0 !important;background:var(--surface) !important;color:inherit;margin:0}.research-body .table-shell table.metrics-table{min-width:720px}.research-body .table-shell table.comparison-table{min-width:560px}.research-body .table-figure--compact-metrics .table-shell table.metrics-table,.research-body .table-figure--compact-metrics .table-shell table.comparison-table{min-width:0}.research-body .table-figure--compact-metrics .table-shell table.metrics-table--compact-two-col{table-layout:fixed}.research-body .table-figure--compact-metrics .table-shell table.metrics-table--compact-two-col th:first-child,.research-body .table-figure--compact-metrics .table-shell table.metrics-table--compact-two-col td:first-child{width:72%}.research-body .table-figure--compact-metrics .table-shell table.metrics-table--compact-two-col th:last-child,.research-body .table-figure--compact-metrics .table-shell table.metrics-table--compact-two-col td:last-child{width:28%;white-space:nowrap}.research-body .table-figure--compact-metrics .table-shell table.metrics-table--analysis-scope{table-layout:fixed}.research-body .table-figure--compact-metrics .table-shell table.metrics-table--analysis-scope th:nth-child(1),.research-body .table-figure--compact-metrics .table-shell table.metrics-table--analysis-scope td:nth-child(1){width:30%}.research-body .table-figure--compact-metrics .table-shell table.metrics-table--analysis-scope th:nth-child(2),.research-body .table-figure--compact-metrics .table-shell table.metrics-table--analysis-scope td:nth-child(2){width:52%}.research-body .table-figure--compact-metrics .table-shell table.metrics-table--analysis-scope th:nth-child(3),.research-body .table-figure--compact-metrics .table-shell table.metrics-table--analysis-scope td:nth-child(3){width:18%;white-space:nowrap}.research-body .table-shell th,.research-body .table-shell td{padding:0.62rem 0.85rem;border-bottom:0.5px solid rgba(17,17,17,0.05) !important;border-right:0 !important;border-left:0 !important;text-align:left;vertical-align:middle}.research-body .table-figure .table-shell th.align-right,.research-body .table-figure .table-shell td.align-right{text-align:right}.research-body .table-shell th{background:transparent !important;color:var(--ink);font-size:0.82rem;font-weight:700}.research-body .table-shell th+th,.research-body .table-shell td+td{border-left:0 !important}.research-body .table-shell tbody td:first-child strong{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit}.research-body .table-shell .table-note-inline{display:inline-block;margin-top:0.12rem;color:var(--muted);font-size:0.92em;line-height:1.45}.research-body .table-shell tbody tr:last-child td{border-bottom:0}.research-body .table-shell table tr,.research-body .table-shell table tbody tr,.research-body .table-shell table tbody tr:nth-child(even),.research-body .table-shell table tbody tr:nth-child(odd){background:transparent !important}.research-body .table-shell table tbody tr:nth-child(even) td,.research-body .table-shell table tbody tr:nth-child(odd) td{background:transparent !important}.research-body details{margin:0 0 1.75rem;padding:0;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--radius-md);background:var(--surface);overflow:hidden;transition:background-color 180ms ease, border-color 180ms ease, box-shadow 180ms ease}.research-body details[open]{border-color:var(--line-strong);background:var(--surface);box-shadow:0 16px 34px rgba(17,17,17,0.07),inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.5)}.research-body details.metric-detail{margin-bottom:0.85rem;background:var(--surface)}.research-body details.metric-detail[open]{box-shadow:0 10px 24px rgba(17,17,17,0.055),inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.55)}.research-body summary{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:0.58rem;cursor:pointer;color:var(--ink);font-weight:600;font-size:0.92rem;line-height:1.45;list-style:none;padding:0.68rem 0.9rem;background:var(--surface);transition:background-color 180ms ease, color 180ms ease}.research-body details.metric-detail summary{padding:0.62rem 0.85rem;font-size:0.88rem}.research-body details.metric-detail .details-content{padding:0.78rem 0.9rem 0.9rem}.research-body details.appendix-detail summary,.research-body details.appendix-detail summary:hover,.research-body details.appendix-detail[open] summary{color:var(--ink);font-weight:400}.research-body .metric-detail__eyebrow{margin:0.95rem 0 0.4rem;color:var(--ink);font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", "JetBrains Mono", monospace;font-size:0.72rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0.08em;line-height:1.35;text-transform:uppercase}.research-body .metric-formulas{display:grid;gap:0.45rem;max-width:46rem;margin:1.45rem auto 1.75rem}.research-body .metric-formula{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(8.5rem, 0.55fr) minmax(0, 1fr);align-items:center;gap:0.75rem;padding:0.36rem 0;border:0;border-radius:0;background:transparent}.research-body .metric-formula__label{color:var(--muted);font-size:0.74rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0.02em}.research-body .metric-formula__body{color:var(--ink);font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", "JetBrains Mono", monospace;font-size:0.84rem;line-height:1.45;overflow-wrap:anywhere;text-align:center}.research-body .model-flow{margin:1.05rem 0 1.85rem;padding:0.78rem 0 0.2rem;border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px dotted rgba(95,102,114,0.34)}.research-body .model-flow .metric-detail__eyebrow{margin-top:0}.research-body .model-flow p:not(.metric-detail__eyebrow){color:#555c68;font-size:0.91rem;line-height:1.68}.research-body .model-flow__diagram{margin:0.55rem 0 1rem;padding:0.2rem 0 0.2rem 1rem;border-left:2px solid rgba(95,102,114,0.58);border-radius:0;background:transparent;color:#454b57;font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", "JetBrains Mono", monospace;font-size:0.82rem;line-height:1.62;overflow-x:auto}.research-body .model-flow__diagram code{padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit}.research-body .content-tabs{position:relative;margin:1.05rem 0 2rem}.research-body .content-tabs__radio{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;border:0;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);opacity:0;pointer-events:none;white-space:nowrap}.research-body .content-tabs__list{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:flex-end;gap:0.18rem;margin:0 0 -1px;padding:0 0.55rem}.research-body .content-tabs__tab{position:relative;z-index:0;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;min-height:2rem;padding:0.56rem 0.88rem 0.58rem;border:1px solid transparent;border-bottom:0;border-radius:0;color:var(--muted);cursor:pointer;font-size:0.82rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:-0.01em;line-height:1.2;transform:translateY(1px);transition:background-color 180ms ease, border-color 180ms ease, color 180ms ease}.research-body .content-tabs__tab::after{content:"";position:absolute;right:0;bottom:-1px;left:0;display:none;height:1px;background:var(--surface)}.research-body .content-tabs__tab:hover{color:var(--ink);background:rgba(17,17,17,0.035)}.research-body .content-tabs__panels{border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:0;background:var(--surface)}.research-body .content-tabs__panel{display:none;padding:1.05rem 1.15rem 1.15rem}.research-body .content-tabs__panel:first-child{display:block}.research-body .content-tabs__panel>:first-child{margin-top:0}.research-body .content-tabs__panel>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(1):checked ~ .content-tabs__list .content-tabs__tab:nth-child(1),.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(2):checked ~ .content-tabs__list .content-tabs__tab:nth-child(2),.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(3):checked ~ .content-tabs__list .content-tabs__tab:nth-child(3),.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(4):checked ~ .content-tabs__list .content-tabs__tab:nth-child(4),.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(5):checked ~ .content-tabs__list .content-tabs__tab:nth-child(5),.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(6):checked ~ .content-tabs__list .content-tabs__tab:nth-child(6){z-index:2;color:var(--accent-strong);background:var(--surface);border-color:var(--line);border-bottom-color:var(--surface)}.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(1):checked ~ .content-tabs__list .content-tabs__tab:nth-child(1)::after,.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(2):checked ~ .content-tabs__list .content-tabs__tab:nth-child(2)::after,.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(3):checked ~ .content-tabs__list .content-tabs__tab:nth-child(3)::after,.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(4):checked ~ .content-tabs__list .content-tabs__tab:nth-child(4)::after,.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(5):checked ~ .content-tabs__list .content-tabs__tab:nth-child(5)::after,.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(6):checked ~ .content-tabs__list .content-tabs__tab:nth-child(6)::after{display:block}.research-body .content-tabs__radio:checked ~ .content-tabs__panels .content-tabs__panel{display:none}.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(1):checked ~ .content-tabs__panels .content-tabs__panel:nth-child(1),.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(2):checked ~ .content-tabs__panels .content-tabs__panel:nth-child(2),.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(3):checked ~ .content-tabs__panels .content-tabs__panel:nth-child(3),.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(4):checked ~ .content-tabs__panels .content-tabs__panel:nth-child(4),.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(5):checked ~ .content-tabs__panels .content-tabs__panel:nth-child(5),.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(6):checked ~ .content-tabs__panels .content-tabs__panel:nth-child(6),.research-body #evaluation-metric-tab-judge:checked ~ .content-tabs__panels .content-tabs__panel--judge,.research-body #evaluation-metric-tab-reference:checked ~ .content-tabs__panels .content-tabs__panel--reference,.research-body #evaluation-metric-tab-format:checked ~ .content-tabs__panels .content-tabs__panel--format,.research-body #evaluation-metric-tab-noise:checked ~ .content-tabs__panels .content-tabs__panel--noise{display:block}@media (max-width: 720px){.research-body .content-tabs__list{flex-wrap:nowrap;align-items:center;gap:0.35rem;margin-bottom:0.75rem;padding:0.5rem;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:8px;background:var(--surface-tint);overflow-x:auto;overscroll-behavior-x:contain;scroll-padding-inline:0.5rem;scroll-snap-type:x proximity;scrollbar-width:none;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}.research-body .content-tabs__list::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}.research-body .content-tabs__tab{flex:0 0 auto;min-height:2.2rem;padding:0.52rem 0.72rem;border:0;border-radius:8px;background:transparent;font-size:0.76rem;letter-spacing:0;white-space:nowrap;transform:none;scroll-snap-align:start}.research-body .content-tabs__tab::after{display:none !important}.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(1):checked ~ .content-tabs__list .content-tabs__tab:nth-child(1),.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(2):checked ~ .content-tabs__list .content-tabs__tab:nth-child(2),.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(3):checked ~ .content-tabs__list .content-tabs__tab:nth-child(3),.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(4):checked ~ .content-tabs__list .content-tabs__tab:nth-child(4),.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(5):checked ~ .content-tabs__list .content-tabs__tab:nth-child(5),.research-body .content-tabs__radio:nth-of-type(6):checked ~ .content-tabs__list .content-tabs__tab:nth-child(6){background:var(--surface);color:var(--accent-strong);box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(63,65,255,0.26),0 6px 14px rgba(17,17,17,0.05)}.research-body .content-tabs__panel{padding:0.95rem 0.95rem 1.05rem}}.research-body summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.research-body summary::marker{content:""}.research-body summary::before{content:"";width:0.42rem;height:0.42rem;flex-shrink:0;margin-top:-0.03rem;border-right:1.3px solid currentColor;border-bottom:1.3px solid currentColor;transform:rotate(-45deg);transition:transform 180ms ease}.research-body details.metric-detail summary::before{width:0.38rem;height:0.38rem;border-right-width:1.2px;border-bottom-width:1.2px}.research-body summary:hover{color:var(--accent-strong);background:var(--surface-strong)}.research-body summary:focus-visible{outline:2px solid rgba(63,65,255,0.32);outline-offset:-2px}.research-body details[open] summary{background:var(--surface-tint);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.research-body details[open] summary::before{transform:rotate(45deg)}.research-body .details-content{padding:0.95rem 1.25rem 1.1rem;background:var(--surface);font-size:0.98rem;line-height:1.72}.research-body .details-content>:first-child{margin-top:0}.research-body .details-content>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.task-list{list-style:none;margin-left:0;padding-left:0}.task-list-item{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:0.65rem}.task-list-item-checkbox{margin-top:0.28rem}dl dt{color:var(--ink);font-weight:700}dl dd{margin:0.2rem 0 0.85rem 1.1rem;color:var(--muted)}.footnotes{margin-top:2.8rem;padding-top:1rem;border-top:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--muted);font-size:0.88rem}.footnotes ol{margin-bottom:0}.footnotes li+li{margin-top:0.35rem}.footnotes p{margin:0}.footnotes code,.footnotes code.highlighter-rouge{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;border-radius:0;background:transparent;box-shadow:none;color:inherit;font:inherit;font-weight:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit}.footnotes code::before,.footnotes code.highlighter-rouge::before,.footnotes code::after,.footnotes code.highlighter-rouge::after{content:none;color:inherit;font:inherit}.page-layout-default .page-shell{width:100%;max-width:760px;margin:0 auto;padding-top:2.8rem}.page-layout-default .page-shell h1{margin-bottom:1.2rem;font-size:2.3rem;line-height:1.02}.page-layout-default .page-shell p{color:var(--muted);font-size:1rem;line-height:1.8}.about-profile{display:grid;grid-template-columns:11rem minmax(0, 1fr);align-items:center;gap:1.8rem;margin:0 0 2.4rem;padding-bottom:2rem;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.about-profile__photo{width:11rem;height:11rem;object-fit:cover;border-radius:50%}.about-profile__eyebrow{margin:0 0 0.7rem !important;color:var(--accent-strong) !important;font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", "JetBrains Mono", monospace;font-size:0.74rem !important;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0.12em;line-height:1.2 !important;text-transform:uppercase}.page-layout-default .page-shell .about-profile h1{margin:0;color:var(--ink);font-size:clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3rem);line-height:1;letter-spacing:-0.06em}.page-layout-default .page-shell .about-profile__lead{margin:1rem 0 0.55rem;color:var(--ink);font-size:1.05rem;font-weight:600;line-height:1.65}.page-layout-default .page-shell .about-profile p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.page-layout-default .page-shell ul,.page-layout-default .page-shell ol{padding-left:1.25rem}.page-layout-default .page-shell li+li{margin-top:0.45rem}hr{margin:3rem 0;border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}@media (max-width: 1100px){.research-grid{grid-template-columns:11.5rem minmax(0, 1fr);gap:2rem}}@media (max-width: 860px){:root{--page-gutter: clamp(1.25rem, 6vw, 1.75rem)}.site-header{padding-top:0.95rem}.site-nav-lite{gap:0.9rem}.home-intro{padding:1.8rem 0 2.4rem}.page-heading,.research-title{font-size:2.45rem;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.research-body h2,.research-body h3,.research-body h4,.research-body h5,.research-body h6{overflow-wrap:anywhere}.post-stream-link{display:block;padding:1.25rem 0}.post-featured-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:0.85rem;padding:1rem 0 1.15rem}.post-featured-link{min-height:0}.post-featured-content{padding:0.95rem}.post-featured-title{font-size:1.2rem;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.post-stream-kicker{align-items:flex-start;gap:0.7rem;margin-bottom:0.62rem}.post-stream-icon{float:left;width:1.55rem;height:1.55rem;margin:0 0.55rem 0.12rem 0}.post-stream-icon svg{width:0.82rem;height:0.82rem}.post-stream-title{clear:both;margin-top:0.1rem}.post-stream-excerpt{margin-top:0.45rem}.research{padding:1.6rem var(--page-gutter) 1.05rem}.research-header{padding-bottom:2.7rem}.research-hero{margin-top:2.8rem}.research-hero-frame{aspect-ratio:16 / 10.5}.research-hero--compact .research-hero-frame,.research-hero--compact.research-hero--framed .research-hero-frame{aspect-ratio:1040 / 620}.research-hero--rounded-wide.research-hero--framed .research-hero-frame{aspect-ratio:16 / 9}.research-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1.5rem}.research-sidebar{display:block;order:-1;position:sticky;top:0.75rem;z-index:20;width:100%;isolation:isolate}.research-sidebar::before{content:"";position:absolute;top:-0.75rem;bottom:-2.75rem;left:50%;z-index:-1;width:100vw;pointer-events:none;background:linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(255,255,255,0.94) 0%, rgba(255,255,255,0.82) 58%, rgba(255,255,255,0) 100%);backdrop-filter:blur(10px);-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(10px);transform:translateX(-50%);-webkit-mask-image:linear-gradient(180deg, #000 0%, transparent 100%);mask-image:linear-gradient(180deg, #000 0%, transparent 100%)}.research-sidebar-inner{position:relative;z-index:1;top:auto;max-height:none;overflow:visible;padding:1rem 1rem 0.45rem;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:8px;background:transparent;box-shadow:none;transition:background-color 160ms ease, box-shadow 160ms ease, border-color 160ms ease}.research-sidebar.is-toc-stuck .research-sidebar-inner{background:var(--surface-tint);border-color:rgba(17,17,17,0.12);box-shadow:0 18px 42px rgba(15,23,42,0.12),0 4px 12px rgba(15,23,42,0.06)}.research-sidebar.is-toc-open .toc-backdrop{display:block;position:fixed;inset:0;z-index:0;width:100vw;height:100vh;padding:0;border:0;appearance:none;background:rgba(255,255,255,0.3);backdrop-filter:blur(1.5px);-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(1.5px);cursor:default}.toc-label{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:1rem;margin:-1rem -1rem 0;padding:1rem 1rem 0.62rem;width:calc(100% + 2rem);color:var(--ink);box-sizing:border-box}.toc-toggle::after{content:"+";color:var(--muted);font-family:"IBM Plex Mono", "SFMono-Regular", "JetBrains Mono", monospace;font-size:1rem;font-weight:500;line-height:1}.research-sidebar.is-toc-open .toc-toggle::after{content:"-"}.research-sidebar:not(.is-toc-open) .toc-nav{display:none}.research-sidebar.is-toc-open .toc-sheet{max-height:min(54vh, 22rem);border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:0.8rem;overflow-y:auto;overscroll-behavior:contain}.research-sidebar:not(.is-toc-open) .toc-sheet{display:none}.research-sidebar.is-toc-open .toc-nav{display:block}.toc-list{padding-left:0;border-left:0}.toc-item{margin-bottom:0.16rem}.toc-item a{padding:0.52rem 0;font-size:0.95rem;line-height:1.45}.toc-h3{padding-left:0.85rem}.toc-item a{padding:0.14rem 0}.toc-h3{padding-left:0.75rem}.page-layout-default .page-shell{padding-top:1.7rem}.about-profile{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1.15rem;padding-bottom:1.5rem}.about-profile__photo{width:8.5rem;height:8.5rem}.plot-card{padding:0}.js-plotly-chart{min-height:320px}.research-body .model-mention-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.research-body h2,.research-body h3,.research-body h4,.research-body h5,.research-body h6{margin-left:0;padding-left:0}.heading-anchor{display:none}}@media (max-width: 520px){.site-header .wrapper{align-items:center;gap:0.75rem}.site-title{flex:1 1 min-content;row-gap:0.25rem;column-gap:0.34rem;line-height:1.25}.site-nav-lite{flex:0 0 auto}.research-body .metric-formula{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:0.32rem;text-align:center}}@media (max-width: 360px){:root{--page-gutter: 1.25rem}.site-title{font-size:0.76rem;letter-spacing:0.12em}.site-title-secondary{letter-spacing:0.09em}.site-nav-link{font-size:0.82rem}.research-body .table-shell th,.research-body .table-shell td{padding:0.55rem 0.7rem}}